Physical activity during leisure recorded in middle age as a predictor of the metabolic syndrome in old age
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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between leisure time physical activity and smoking measured in middle age and the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome. To this end, 6,410 men residing in Oslo were screened twice for cardiovascular disease and risk factors, 28 years apart, in 1972-1973 and in 2000. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to ATP III criteria whereas leisure time physical activity, smoking, educational attendance and the presence of diabetes were self-reported. After adjusting for age and educational attendance, leisure time physical activity was a significant predictor of both the metabolic syndrome and diabetes in 2000 (test for trend P<0.05). However, after adjusting for more factors measured in 1972-1973 such as glucose, triglycerides, body mass index, treated hypertension and systolic blood pressure, these associations were markedly attenuated. Smoking was associated with the metabolic syndrome but not with diabetes in 2000.
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