Higher adiponectin levels associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes across diverse populations
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Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing adipokine whose secretion is downregulated by adiposity. A systematic literature search was conducted in order to review prospective studies with plasma adiponectin levels as exposure and incidence of type 2 diabetes as outcome variables in order to assess the strength and the consistency of the association. Extracted data and study quality were assessed by two independent reviewers. In total, 13 prospective studies involving 14,598 participants and 2623 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were included in this meta-analysis. It revealed that higher adiponectin levels were associated with lower risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes. This inverse association was consistently observed across different ethnicities. For each 1-log µg/mL increment in adiponectinaemia, the relative risk of type 2 diabetes was 0.72. For each 1-log µg/mL increment in adiponectinaemia, the estimated absolute risk difference (cases per 1000 person-years) was 3.9 for elderly Americans, and 30.8 for Americans with impaired glucose tolerance. In conclusion, higher adiponectin levels were dose-dependently related to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes across diverse populations.
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